Qualitative Research in Business and Management †MyAssignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about the Qualitative Research in Business and Management. Answer: Introduction Air Asia Berhad is Malaysian low-cost airline, having the headquartered near Kuala Lumpur. This airline is the largest airline in Malaysia by destinations and feet size. The report includes the recent issues that are faced by the Air Asia is AirAsia QZ8501 Crash. It shows the issues faced by the company and the decision took by the company to resolve the issues. The company used approaches to address the issues faced by the Airline which leads to the crash of the airline. The decision making and the problems solving techniques are recommended to the company (Gumanti, 2015). The company is listed on the stock market, the analyses are involved which shows the company's share price across the period of the event. The recent and major issue which took place in the year 2014 on 28th December was a crash of the Air Asia aircraft QZ8501 which caused the death of the 162 peoples who were traveling on the plane. The Incident occurs due to some of the problems in the aircraft, the company took the decisions to bring the improvement in the safety of the customers. The reason behind the selection of this AirAsia crash as a problem is because there are many companies who get involved in an incident and then considering the severity of the problems they have to use the decision making and problem-solving approach which is going to help the company (Ma, Smith, 2015). Description of the problems The Air Asia passenger jet crashed into the Java Sea in the month of December 2014. There are some problems due to which the aircraft QZ8501 got Crash. The Airbus A320-200 was carrying 162 people from Surabaya in Indonesia to Singapore. The major problem which leads to the issue is the miscommunication between the pilot and the co-pilot in the plane. An apparent mid-air communication related to the response towards the technical problems occurred in the AirAsia flight QZ8501 (Finamore, 2015). The air traffic control lost the contact with the aircraft after 42 minutes of the take-off the airline. According to the investigators, the crew of the plane lost its control on the plane. Their finding said that the pilot of the plane was dealing with the repeated technical problems with the RTL (Rudder Travel Limited) and left the co-pilot to take control of the plane. This technical and electronic interruption in the RTL took place three times in the space within 13 minutes, in total it occurred approximately 23 times which eventually leads to the autopilot to disengage. The co-pilot took the control of the plane because the captain was trying to resolve the problem of the RTL (BBC News, 2015). The loss of the autopilot function in the plane was one of the major problems faced by the airline which leads to the crash of the plane. The loss of the autopilot function forced the co-pilot to fly the plane manually. While driving the plane manually the miscommunication took place between the pilot and the co-pilot. This is clear from the cockpit recording that the pilot instructed the co-pilot to pull down the plane. Actually, when the pilot pulls down the plane, the plane goes up and to make the plane go down the pilot need to push. According to the accident investigator Nurcahyo Utomo, the order given by the pilot to the co-pilot was confusing (Lamb, 2015). The plane went into a prolonged stall condition that was not possible for the crew to recover it. This shows the lack of training to the employees. At the last, the investigators said that the problems were related to the cracked solder joint which leads to the exposure to extreme temperatures. In the month leading up to crash the problem was occurring more frequently on the plane, it includes the flight three days earlier between the Kuala Lumpur and Surabaya. The decision making and problem-solving approach used by the company is Analytical Problem Solving. The analytical approach is used because the company has the ability to get into the detail of a problem that helps the company in evaluating all the components (Schoenfeld, 2014). The process starts with defining the problem, this includes the problem of the RTL which leads to the crash of the plane. According to the problem the company will generate the alternative solutions, the solutions will be evaluated by the company and the best solution is going to be selected by the company. It includes the alternative like a selection of the terminology for the communication in the air. The training of the pilot and the co-pilot should be conducted to deal the situation when they are in the air (Kozlowska, 2014). Selection of the best solution takes place considering all the factors and then comes the implementation. Once the solution is implemented by the company it is required to take the follow up that check that the solution is effective for the company or not. Description of the Approach used by the Air Asia The AirAsia passenger jet crashed and leads to the death of the 162 passengers. The incident took place due to inadequate training to the employees and the failure of the controlling Rudder. The diagram shows the analysis of the problem faced by the Air Asia. This shows the step 1 of the approach used by the company. The diagram clearly shows the root cause which leads to the crash of the plane. The solution of the situation is that the company should train their employees before handing them the flight. Another solution is company should improve the terminology of the communication so that no miscommunication can take place on the plane between the pilot and the co-pilot (BBC News, 2015). The analytical approach says that these are the two best solutions that should be used by the Air Asia. The approach used by the company leads to several benefits and limitations to the company. Benefits Limitations There is a presence of confidence in the company while making the decision. The decisions in the approach are based on the facts that help to make the quick decision (Bardach, and Patashnik, 2015). Experts opinion is involved in the project as the facts are based on the experts opinion. The process of finding the truth or fact is the time-consuming process that can lead to the delay in the decision. Lack of systematic process. Experts are not going to share their opinion unless it is asked them to share the opinion or to investigate. The benefits and limitation of the approach show that the company can make use of the other approach because the problem which is faced by the company is far bigger. Though this problem-solving approach is analytical which is based on the analysis and evaluation of the issue but this approach also includes certain disadvantages which may impact the company. The improvement is required in the analytical approach which is used by the company to take the correct decision and to solve the problem as soon as possible because these problems might affect the working of the company. To remove the limitation in which the expert doesn't share the reviews on their own the company should organize a team that can provide the clear opinion related to the problem. Apart from it, another limitation is that the process of finding the facts is time-consuming and not systematic, over here, the company should follow the step-by-step procedure which is going to help the company to conduct systematic work as well as the time in searching the fact will decreases (Juan, Faulin, Grasman, Rabe, and Figueira, 2015). Recommended approach to the Air Asia Considering the problem faced by the company, it is recommended to the company to make use of the FOCUS model of the decision making which is going to helps the company to deal with the issue. The focus model is one of the models which are used by the company to improve the processes. This model is included in the decision making and problem-solving approaches. There is a presence of the step-by-step implementation of the approach (Fleischmann, Schmidt, Stary, Obermeier, and Brger, 2014). The Flow of the focus model is clear from the below diagram:- F- Find the problem (Identifying the problem faced by the company) The Air Asia finds the reason behind the crash of the plane, which shows the identification of the problem that took place. O- Organize a Team (Formation of the team that can share the views that helps the company to clarify the problem) The company asks for the investigators to come and check the exact issue so that the company gets to know what further they have to take so that it cannot be repeated (Bohnsack, Pinkse, and Kolk, 2014). C- Clarify Problem (The analysis of the root cause based on the issue) The investigator clarifies the root cause which the pilots were facing in the air which leads to the crash of the aircraft. The main issues found by the investigators while inspecting the plane includes the failure of the RTL, and the miscommunication between the pilots. U- Understand Problem (The potential solutions appear after understanding the issue) The Air Asia CEO got to know the exact problem which was faced by the pilot while flying. It includes the failure of the automatic pilot system. The company got to know that they have to improve the terminology of the communication and technology and another is they have to give the training to the employees. S- Select Solution (Selection and implementation of the best solution take place) The company then selects the best solution which might help the company to avoid such issues which are faced by the company. Benefits and limitation of recommended approach Benefits Limitation It is structured and the simplest approach. It relies on the facts and the data rather than on the personal opinions of the people. The decision taken on the bases of the fact leads to the improvement in the quality. It explores all the possible consequences and the significances of the moving forward to execute the present step (Myers, 2013). It improves the quality and leads to the implementation of the solution in the correct manner. It is a lengthy approach which needs to be accomplished step-by-step. Each step is depended on the previous step, if in case the previous step is incorrect this will leads to the failure of the next step (Zikmund, Babin, Carr, and Griffin, 2013). This approach includes the maximum of the benefits to the company and the minimum of the limitations. The approach is best stated for the company considering the problems faced by the company. The FOCUS model of decision making and problem-solving will help the company to analyze and evaluate problems thoroughly so that the company can make the conclusion or solution correctly. Comparing both the approaches FOCUS approach implementation is required to the company. Implementation of the FOCUS model The implementation of the FOCUS model of the decision making and problem-solving includes different steps. Pareto Principle- Pareto principle states the 80/20 rule in which the 80% of the issues ascend from the 20% of the problem. The company problems arise when the crash took place because of the problem of the failure of the RTL and the miscommunication among the pilots in the air. The crash of the plane become one of the biggest issues for the company as the share prices of the company decrease after the crash of the AirAsia plane. The company is listed as the share market and the death of 162 people can impact the share prices. The company should identify the each and every problem which is faced by the pilots in the flight which leads to the crash (Koren, 2015). Though, the miscommunication leads to the many problems because the pilots were not able to control the flight and leads to the crash of the plane. The company organized a team that is going to help the manager in understanding the problem faced. The tool used by the company is the principal positioning; the aircraft control team was not able to analyze the actual problem which was faced by the pilots in the air. The company organized a team of the investigators who can investigate and analyze the problem considering the technical knowledge, recording of the control room and the evidence at the location. The Air Asia wants to work on the problems as soon as possible this is the reason they organized the team (ABC News, 2015). The use of the CATWOE technique helps the company to analyze the deep problem. The technique includes Customers, Actors, Transformation process, worldview, owner and the environmental constraints. The crash of the plane affects the customers of the Air Asia who usually travels in Air Asia. The investigator's teamwork as actors; these are the officers who are involved in the investigation. The issue creates an impact on the processes and the system of the company. The reputation of the company was in danger because of the death of the 162 peoples; the accident-free reputation of the company was exploiting (Bland, Grant, 2015). The group finds that their listed shares decreased by 13 percent after the incident. In this 13 percent; 2.56 ringgit before closing 8.5 percent lower in Kuala Lumpur (Tan, 2015). The customer who likes to travel with the AirAsia, their opinion changed after the crash of the flight. The customer who don't travel and don't know about the services of the company, after the crash they get to know the same and this may lead to reducing the customers for the airline. CEO of the company tries to handle the issue and they have taken the necessary resolution that the company is going to implement to face the issue (Kapoor, Jensen, 2015). The stage shows that the company tries to understand the problem and then the team spends the time to find the steps that might lead to the improvement. This method includes the use of the recording that helps the investigators to analyze the facts, evidence at the site, and the analyses of the crash plane will also help the team to identify the loopholes and the technical problems faced by the pilots in the plane. This step include the selection of the solution, the deep analysis of the issue helps the company to identify the best solution to be adopted so that the company is not going to face any such problem. This includes the training to employees and the improvement in the terminology that is used by the company. The implementation of the Focus model is done which clearly shows that one of the biggest problems faced by the company after the crash is the decline in the share prices of the company. The investors faced a risk of investing the amount in the company because they will not be able to get the positive return on the investment. The incident created the impact on the investors as the investors started selling their shares of the company; this is the reason AirAsia ending down 8.5 percent at its lowest close in a volume of 103 million shares which is 10 times the average volume. During the session the shares had fallen as much as 12.9%, seeing these investors decided that they should not invest the amount in the company's share (Hamzah, and Daga, 2014). If in case the investors will spend the amount on the companys share they have to struggle with their reputation also. The media and people will highlight the name of the investors who are still investing in the AirAsia Company after the incident. Not even the single investor wants to take this risk with the amount or with their reputation. Conclusion The report talks about the decision making and problem-solving of a particular issue which took place in the company in the year 2014 on 28th December Sunday. The company AirAsia faced the problem when the aircraft QZ8501 got Crash. The report includes the decision making and the problem-solving approach that is used by the company. The improvement in the approach which is selected by the company is also discussed along with the new recommended approach. At the end, the report includes the implementation process of the Focus Model that helps the company to make the correct decision. References ABC News, 2015 December 2nd, AirAsia QZ8501: Poor pilot emergency training, negligence behind plane crash, analysts say, ABC News, viewed on 13th November 2017, https://www.abc.net.au/news/2015-12-02/poor-pilot-emergency-training-behind-airasia-crash-analysts/6995644 Bardach, E. and Patashnik, E.M., 2015. 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